A bill to amend title 1 of the United States Code to clarify the effect and application of legislation.

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Judiciary.

Congressional Research Service

Official summary

Version 00 · Introduced in Senate · Jan 4, 1995

Declares that any Act of Congress enacted after the effective date of this Act shall be prospective in application only and shall not create a private claim or cause of action or preempt any State law, unless a provision of such Act specifies otherwise by express reference to the provision of this Act intended to be negated.

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People & committees

Who introduced it

Sen. Thurmond, Strom [R-SC] · R–SC

Committees

Judiciary Committee

0 cosponsorship records, including any withdrawals

Legislative record

Actions

A procedural vote is different from passage. Passage in one chamber does not establish enactment. Explore the glossary.

Jan 4, 1995
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Judiciary.
Jan 4, 1995
Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR S391-392)
Jan 4, 1995
Introduced in Senate

Primary sources

Bill text & related measures

Text links open the official source. We currently store references to these documents.

Introduced in Senate · Jan 4, 1995 Formatted Text PDF

Related bills identified by Congress.gov

No related bills are listed in this snapshot. This does not establish whether the proposal has appeared in earlier Congresses.

Source last updated: Aug 10, 2026. Consult Congress.gov for the current record.

AI Conversation Starters

Explore the bill from different angles

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Neutral evidence review

Objective

Analyze S.136 as objectively as possible. Explain its main provisions, who would be affected, possible benefits and harms, implementation, exceptions, and uncertainties. Present the strongest arguments for and against it, and identify evidence needed to assess its public impact.

View full prompt & sources

Discuss S.136, 104th Congress: A bill to amend title 1 of the United States Code to clarify the effect and application of legislation.

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/senate-bill/136

Text version to examine: Introduced in Senate · 1995-01-04.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/104/bills/s136/BILLS-104s136is.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2026-08-10T11:53:55Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Analyze S.136 as objectively as possible. Explain its main provisions, who would be affected, possible benefits and harms, implementation, exceptions, and uncertainties. Present the strongest arguments for and against it, and identify evidence needed to assess its public impact.

Fairness and public impact

Progressive lens

Examine S.136 through a progressive lens, focusing on fairness, access, economic inequality, and effects on vulnerable communities. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and distinguish stated goals from demonstrated outcomes.

View full prompt & sources

Discuss S.136, 104th Congress: A bill to amend title 1 of the United States Code to clarify the effect and application of legislation.

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/senate-bill/136

Text version to examine: Introduced in Senate · 1995-01-04.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/104/bills/s136/BILLS-104s136is.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2026-08-10T11:53:55Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Examine S.136 through a progressive lens, focusing on fairness, access, economic inequality, and effects on vulnerable communities. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and distinguish stated goals from demonstrated outcomes.

Institutions and government scope

Conservative lens

Examine S.136 through a conservative lens, focusing on fiscal responsibility, institutional stability, federalism, and the scope of government. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and any provisions that challenge this perspective.

View full prompt & sources

Discuss S.136, 104th Congress: A bill to amend title 1 of the United States Code to clarify the effect and application of legislation.

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/senate-bill/136

Text version to examine: Introduced in Senate · 1995-01-04.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/104/bills/s136/BILLS-104s136is.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2026-08-10T11:53:55Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Examine S.136 through a conservative lens, focusing on fiscal responsibility, institutional stability, federalism, and the scope of government. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and any provisions that challenge this perspective.

Individual rights and government power

Liberty lens

Examine S.136 through a civil-liberties and limited-government lens. Consider individual rights, privacy, voluntary choice, accountability, and government power. Explain tradeoffs, possible safeguards, and the strongest counterarguments without assuming the proposal is beneficial or harmful.

View full prompt & sources

Discuss S.136, 104th Congress: A bill to amend title 1 of the United States Code to clarify the effect and application of legislation.

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/senate-bill/136

Text version to examine: Introduced in Senate · 1995-01-04.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/104/bills/s136/BILLS-104s136is.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2026-08-10T11:53:55Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Examine S.136 through a civil-liberties and limited-government lens. Consider individual rights, privacy, voluntary choice, accountability, and government power. Explain tradeoffs, possible safeguards, and the strongest counterarguments without assuming the proposal is beneficial or harmful.