PlainBillCongress, translated.Legislation. Context. Public interest.

Marine Mineral Resources Research Act of 1996

Became Public Law No: 104-325.

Official summary

Version 00 · Introduced in Senate · Aug 11, 1995

Mining and Mineral Policy Amendments Act of 1995 - Amends the Mining and Mineral Policy Amendments Act of 1995 to direct the Secretary of the Interior to: (1) establish and implement a marine mineral research program; (2) award grants and contracts and enter into cooperative agreements (subject to competitive review) for the attendant research and development undertaken by industry, government, and academic sectors; and (3) designate two marine mineral research centers, one in the continental shelf regions of the United States, and the second in deep seabed and near-shore environments of islands. Authorizes appropriations.

Read the summary on Congress.gov
PlainBill analysis is coming later. This page presents official source data. We have not yet published a PlainBill explanation for this bill.

Who introduced it

Sen. Akaka, Daniel K. [D-HI] · D–HI

Committees

  • Energy and Natural Resources Committee
1 cosponsorship records, including any withdrawals

Actions

A procedural vote is different from passage. Passage in one chamber does not establish enactment. Explore the glossary.

  1. Became Public Law No: 104-325.

  2. Became Public Law No: 104-325.

  3. Signed by President.

  4. Signed by President.

  5. Presented to President.

  6. Presented to President.

  7. Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

  8. On passage Passed without objection.

  9. Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed without objection.

  10. Mr. Solomon asked unanimous consent to take from the Speaker's table and consider.

  11. Considered by unanimous consent. (consideration: CR H12290-12292)

  12. Held at the desk.

  13. Message on Senate action sent to the House.

  14. Received in the House.

  15. Passed Senate with an amendment and an amendment to the Title by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S11668-11669)

  16. Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with an amendment and an amendment to the Title by Unanimous Consent.(consideration: CR S11668-11669)

  17. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 471.

  18. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Reported to Senate by Senator Murkowski with an amendment in the nature of a substitute and an amendment to the title. With written report No. 104-296.

  19. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Reported to Senate by Senator Murkowski with an amendment in the nature of a substitute and an amendment to the title. With written report No. 104-296.

  20. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources requested executive comment from Department of the Interior, and Office of Management and Budget.

  21. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Ordered to be reported with an amendment favorably.

  22. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources; Senate Subcommittee on Forests and Public Lands. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 104-528.

  23. Referred to Subcommittee on Forests and Public Lands.

  24. Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.

  25. Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR S12395-12396)

  26. Introduced in Senate

Bill text & related measures

Text links open the official source. We currently store references to these documents.

Related bills identified by Congress.gov

Source last updated: Sep 8, 2026. Consult Congress.gov for the current record.

Explore the bill from different angles

Choose a perspective, copy a prompt, and paste it into your preferred AI. Each prompt includes the bill version and available official source links, and asks for counterarguments as well as supporting evidence.

Neutral evidence review

Objective

Analyze S.1194 as objectively as possible. Explain its main provisions, who would be affected, possible benefits and harms, implementation, exceptions, and uncertainties. Present the strongest arguments for and against it, and identify evidence needed to assess its public impact.

View full prompt & sources
Fairness and public impact

Progressive lens

Examine S.1194 through a progressive lens, focusing on fairness, access, economic inequality, and effects on vulnerable communities. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and distinguish stated goals from demonstrated outcomes.

View full prompt & sources
Institutions and government scope

Conservative lens

Examine S.1194 through a conservative lens, focusing on fiscal responsibility, institutional stability, federalism, and the scope of government. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and any provisions that challenge this perspective.

View full prompt & sources
Individual rights and government power

Liberty lens

Examine S.1194 through a civil-liberties and limited-government lens. Consider individual rights, privacy, voluntary choice, accountability, and government power. Explain tradeoffs, possible safeguards, and the strongest counterarguments without assuming the proposal is beneficial or harmful.

View full prompt & sources