PlainBillCongress, translated.Legislation. Context. Public interest.Read the second time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 386.
Congressional Research Service
Version 53 · Passed House · May 8, 2024
Equal Representation Act
This bill requires any questionnaire used in the decennial census to include a checkbox or other similar option for respondents to indicate whether the respondent and each household member is a U.S. citizen.
The Department of Commerce must make public the number of citizens and noncitizens in each state.
The bill also requires that the statement sent by the President to Congress indicating the number of persons in each state (related to the reapportionment of U.S. Representatives) exclude noncitizens.
People & committees
Rep. Edwards, Chuck [R-NC-11] · R–NC
Legislative record
A procedural vote is different from passage. Passage in one chamber does not establish enactment. Explore the glossary.
Read the second time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 386.
Received in the Senate. Read the first time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under Read the First Time.
The title of the measure was amended. Agreed to without objection.
Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 206 - 202 (Roll no. 193). (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR H2970)
House roll call 193 · Individual votesPassed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 206 - 202 (Roll no. 193). (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR H2970)
House roll call 193 · Individual votesOn motion to recommit Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 203 - 207 (Roll no. 192).
House roll call 192 · Individual votesThe previous question on the motion to recommit was ordered pursuant to clause 2(b) of rule XIX.
Ms. Manning moved to recommit to the Committee on Oversight and Accountability. (text: CR H2983-2984)
Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H2983-2986)
Pursuant to clause 1(c) of rule XIX, the House proceeded with further consideration of H.R. 7109.
POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - Pursuant to clause 1(c) of Rule XIX, further consideration of H.R. 7109 is postponed.
The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.
DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on H.R. 7109.
Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 6192, H.R. 7109, H.J. Res. 109 and H.R. 2925. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 6192 under a structured rule and H.R. 7109, H.J. Res. 109, and H.R. 2925 under a closed rule. Rule provides for one hour of general debate on H.R. 6192, H.R. 7109, and H.J. Res. 109, and thirty minutes of general debate on H.R. 2925. One motion to recommit allowed on each bill.
Considered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 1194. (consideration: CR H2970-2977)
Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 1194 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 6192, H.R. 7109, H.J. Res. 109 and H.R. 2925. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 6192 under a structured rule and H.R. 7109, H.J. Res. 109, and H.R. 2925 under a closed rule. Rule provides for one hour of general debate on H.R. 6192, H.R. 7109, and H.J. Res. 109, and thirty minutes of general debate on H.R. 2925. One motion to recommit allowed on each bill.
Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 395.
Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Oversight and Accountability. H. Rept. 118-476.
Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Oversight and Accountability. H. Rept. 118-476.
Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 22 - 20.
Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held
Referred to the House Committee on Oversight and Accountability.
Introduced in House
Introduced in House
Primary sources
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Source last updated: Dec 5, 2025. Consult Congress.gov for the current record.
AI Conversation Starters
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Analyze H.R.7109 as objectively as possible. Explain its main provisions, who would be affected, possible benefits and harms, implementation, exceptions, and uncertainties. Present the strongest arguments for and against it, and identify evidence needed to assess its public impact.
Examine H.R.7109 through a progressive lens, focusing on fairness, access, economic inequality, and effects on vulnerable communities. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and distinguish stated goals from demonstrated outcomes.
Examine H.R.7109 through a conservative lens, focusing on fiscal responsibility, institutional stability, federalism, and the scope of government. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and any provisions that challenge this perspective.
Examine H.R.7109 through a civil-liberties and limited-government lens. Consider individual rights, privacy, voluntary choice, accountability, and government power. Explain tradeoffs, possible safeguards, and the strongest counterarguments without assuming the proposal is beneficial or harmful.