To amend section 207 of title 18, United States Code, to prohibit Members of Congress after leaving office from representing foreign governments before the United States Government.

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Congressional Research Service

Official summary

Version 00 · Introduced in House · Jan 9, 1995

Amends the Federal criminal code to prohibit a Member of Congress, after leaving office, from representing a foreign government before any officer or employee of a U.S. department or agency, or aiding or advising such government, with the intent to influence a decision of such officer or employee in carrying out official duties.

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People & committees

Who introduced it

Rep. Upton, Fred [R-MI-6] · R–MI

Committees

Judiciary Committee

10 cosponsorship records, including any withdrawals

Legislative record

Actions

A procedural vote is different from passage. Passage in one chamber does not establish enactment. Explore the glossary.

Jan 9, 1995
Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
Jan 9, 1995
Introduced in House
Jan 9, 1995
Introduced in House

Primary sources

Bill text & related measures

Text links open the official source. We currently store references to these documents.

Introduced in House · Jan 9, 1995 Formatted Text PDF

Related bills identified by Congress.gov

No related bills are listed in this snapshot. This does not establish whether the proposal has appeared in earlier Congresses.

Source last updated: Jan 2, 2025. Consult Congress.gov for the current record.

AI Conversation Starters

Explore the bill from different angles

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Neutral evidence review

Objective

Analyze H.R.459 as objectively as possible. Explain its main provisions, who would be affected, possible benefits and harms, implementation, exceptions, and uncertainties. Present the strongest arguments for and against it, and identify evidence needed to assess its public impact.

View full prompt & sources

Discuss H.R.459, 104th Congress: To amend section 207 of title 18, United States Code, to prohibit Members of Congress after leaving office from representing foreign governments before the United States Government.

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/house-bill/459

Text version to examine: Introduced in House · 1995-01-09.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/104/bills/hr459/BILLS-104hr459ih.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2025-01-02T17:34:29Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Analyze H.R.459 as objectively as possible. Explain its main provisions, who would be affected, possible benefits and harms, implementation, exceptions, and uncertainties. Present the strongest arguments for and against it, and identify evidence needed to assess its public impact.

Fairness and public impact

Progressive lens

Examine H.R.459 through a progressive lens, focusing on fairness, access, economic inequality, and effects on vulnerable communities. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and distinguish stated goals from demonstrated outcomes.

View full prompt & sources

Discuss H.R.459, 104th Congress: To amend section 207 of title 18, United States Code, to prohibit Members of Congress after leaving office from representing foreign governments before the United States Government.

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/house-bill/459

Text version to examine: Introduced in House · 1995-01-09.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/104/bills/hr459/BILLS-104hr459ih.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2025-01-02T17:34:29Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Examine H.R.459 through a progressive lens, focusing on fairness, access, economic inequality, and effects on vulnerable communities. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and distinguish stated goals from demonstrated outcomes.

Institutions and government scope

Conservative lens

Examine H.R.459 through a conservative lens, focusing on fiscal responsibility, institutional stability, federalism, and the scope of government. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and any provisions that challenge this perspective.

View full prompt & sources

Discuss H.R.459, 104th Congress: To amend section 207 of title 18, United States Code, to prohibit Members of Congress after leaving office from representing foreign governments before the United States Government.

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/house-bill/459

Text version to examine: Introduced in House · 1995-01-09.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/104/bills/hr459/BILLS-104hr459ih.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2025-01-02T17:34:29Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Examine H.R.459 through a conservative lens, focusing on fiscal responsibility, institutional stability, federalism, and the scope of government. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and any provisions that challenge this perspective.

Individual rights and government power

Liberty lens

Examine H.R.459 through a civil-liberties and limited-government lens. Consider individual rights, privacy, voluntary choice, accountability, and government power. Explain tradeoffs, possible safeguards, and the strongest counterarguments without assuming the proposal is beneficial or harmful.

View full prompt & sources

Discuss H.R.459, 104th Congress: To amend section 207 of title 18, United States Code, to prohibit Members of Congress after leaving office from representing foreign governments before the United States Government.

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/104th-congress/house-bill/459

Text version to examine: Introduced in House · 1995-01-09.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/104/bills/hr459/BILLS-104hr459ih.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2025-01-02T17:34:29Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Examine H.R.459 through a civil-liberties and limited-government lens. Consider individual rights, privacy, voluntary choice, accountability, and government power. Explain tradeoffs, possible safeguards, and the strongest counterarguments without assuming the proposal is beneficial or harmful.