PlainBillCongress, translated.Legislation. Context. Public interest.Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
Congressional Research Service
No official summary is available in the imported record yet.
People & committees
Rep. Miller, Mary E. [R-IL-15] · R–IL
Legislative record
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Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
Introduced in House
Introduced in House
Primary sources
Text links open the official source. We also preserved the text version used in the PlainBill explanation below.
Source last updated: Dec 5, 2025. Consult Congress.gov for the current record.
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PlainBill explanation
Based on the full Introduced in House · 2025-03-26 text. This explanation has not received human editorial review. This overview describes the proposal’s major provisions; it does not establish what its real-world effects would be.
The proposed Defining Male and Female Act of 2025 would set definitions for interpreting federal laws and federal agency rules and interpretations. For individual people, it would define sex as an unchangeable classification of male or female, using reproductive-system definitions tied to conception. It would also define related family and age terms and prohibit the federal government from recognizing gender identity as a replacement for sex.
This Act may be cited as the Defining Male and Female Act of 2025.
In determining the meaning of any Act of Congress, or of any ruling, regulation, or interpretation of the various departments and Federal agencies of the United States
(3) female, when used to refer to a natural person, means a person belonging, at conception, to the sex characterized by a reproductive system with the biological function of producing eggs (ova)
(6) male, when used to refer to a natural person, means a person belonging, at conception, to the biological sex characterized by a reproductive system with the biological function of producing sperm
(9) sex, when referring to a natural person's individual’s sex, means the person’s immutable biological classification as either male or female, as biologically determined and defined by this section
the term shall not be recognized by the Federal Government as a replacement for sex
(1) boy means a minor human male; (2) father means a male parent
Section 2 would add a new section 9 to Chapter 1 of title 1 of the United States Code. Its definitions would apply when interpreting any act of Congress or any federal department or agency ruling, regulation, or interpretation.
Chapter 1 of title 1, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 9. Definition of sex, male, female, and related terms In determining the meaning of any Act of Congress, or of any ruling, regulation, or interpretation of the various departments and Federal agencies of the United States
For individual people, the proposal would define female and male by membership, at conception, in a sex characterized by a reproductive system whose biological function is producing eggs or sperm, respectively. It would define sex as an unchangeable male-or-female classification under those definitions.
(3) female, when used to refer to a natural person, means a person belonging, at conception, to the sex characterized by a reproductive system with the biological function of producing eggs (ova)
(6) male, when used to refer to a natural person, means a person belonging, at conception, to the biological sex characterized by a reproductive system with the biological function of producing sperm
(9) sex, when referring to a natural person's individual’s sex, means the person’s immutable biological classification as either male or female, as biologically determined and defined by this section
The proposal characterizes gender identity as an internal, subjective sense of self disconnected from biological reality and sex. On that stated basis, it would prohibit federal recognition of gender identity as a replacement for sex. This characterization is the bill's language, not an independently established finding.
(4) gender identity means an identity that reflects an internal and subjective sense of self, disconnected from biological reality and sex and existing on an indeterminate continuum, and, because such an identity does not provide a meaningful basis for identification for purposes of Federal law, the term shall not be recognized by the Federal Government as a replacement for sex
The proposal would define boy and girl as male and female minors, and man and woman as male and female adults. It expressly preserves the use of man as a general reference to human beings.
(1) boy means a minor human male
(5) girl means a minor human female
(7) man, except when used as a generic reference to human beings, means an adult human male
(10) woman means an adult human female.
The proposal would define father as a male parent and mother as a female parent.
(2) father means a male parent
(8) mother means a female parent
The supplied actions snapshot, updated December 5, 2025, records introduction in the House and referral to the House Committee on the Judiciary on March 26, 2025.
Source snapshot updated 2025-12-05T22:54:39Z. 2025-03-26: Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary. 2025-03-26: Introduced in House
A closer look
Reviewed version: Introduced in House · 2025-03-26. These findings describe provisions and who may benefit; they are not judgments of waste, corruption, or motive.
This review covers the supplied bill text. “None identified” does not rule out provisions in later versions or accompanying reports and disclosures.
Provisions outside the bill’s main subject, or policy changes attached to appropriations.
None identified in the reviewed text
No unrelated provision or policy change attached to appropriations was identified in the complete supplied introduced text. This conclusion is limited to that version and does not establish absence in other versions or accompanying materials.
Spending directed to particular recipients or places outside ordinary competitive or formula-based allocation.
None identified in the reviewed text
No congressionally directed spending for particular recipients or places was identified in the complete supplied introduced text. This conclusion is limited to that version; accompanying earmark disclosures and committee materials were not supplied.
Narrow exceptions, exemptions, or preferential treatment that warrant a closer look.
None identified in the reviewed text
No materially narrow benefit, special exemption, or preferential treatment was identified in the complete supplied introduced text. This conclusion is limited to that version and does not establish absence in other versions or accompanying materials.
Full text preserved for this analysis. Legislative record snapshot: Dec 5, 2025. How PlainBill uses AI