Parents Opt-in Protection Act

Referred to the House Committee on Education and the Workforce.

Congressional Research Service

Official summary

Version 00 · Introduced in House · Feb 17, 2023

Parents Opt-in Protection Act

This bill revises the Protection of Pupil Rights Amendment (PPRA), which governs the administration to students of a survey, analysis, or evaluation that reveals information related to any of the eight protected areas (e.g., political affiliations, sex behavior or attitudes, and religious beliefs).

Specifically, the bill requires prior written consent of the student (if the student is an adult or an emancipated minor) or parent (if the student is an unemancipated minor) for such a specific survey, analysis, or evaluation. Currently, PPRA does not specify that this consent must be written.

Local educational agencies must update their student privacy policies to specify that students shall not be required to submit to a survey without prior written consent.

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People & committees

Who introduced it

Rep. Miller, Mary E. [R-IL-15] · R–IL

Committees

Education and Workforce Committee

0 cosponsorship records, including any withdrawals

Legislative record

Actions

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Feb 17, 2023
Referred to the House Committee on Education and the Workforce.
Feb 17, 2023
Introduced in House
Feb 17, 2023
Introduced in House

Primary sources

Bill text & related measures

Text links open the official source. We currently store references to these documents.

Introduced in House · Feb 17, 2023 Formatted Text PDF Formatted XML

Related bills identified by Congress.gov

HR 4986 · Parents Opt-in Protection Act

Source last updated: Oct 1, 2026. Consult Congress.gov for the current record.

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Neutral evidence review

Objective

Analyze H.R.1094 as objectively as possible. Explain its main provisions, who would be affected, possible benefits and harms, implementation, exceptions, and uncertainties. Present the strongest arguments for and against it, and identify evidence needed to assess its public impact.

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Discuss H.R.1094, 118th Congress: Parents Opt-in Protection Act

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-bill/1094

Text version to examine: Introduced in House · 2023-02-17.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/118/bills/hr1094/BILLS-118hr1094ih.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2026-10-01T15:19:45Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Analyze H.R.1094 as objectively as possible. Explain its main provisions, who would be affected, possible benefits and harms, implementation, exceptions, and uncertainties. Present the strongest arguments for and against it, and identify evidence needed to assess its public impact.

Fairness and public impact

Progressive lens

Examine H.R.1094 through a progressive lens, focusing on fairness, access, economic inequality, and effects on vulnerable communities. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and distinguish stated goals from demonstrated outcomes.

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Discuss H.R.1094, 118th Congress: Parents Opt-in Protection Act

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-bill/1094

Text version to examine: Introduced in House · 2023-02-17.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/118/bills/hr1094/BILLS-118hr1094ih.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2026-10-01T15:19:45Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Examine H.R.1094 through a progressive lens, focusing on fairness, access, economic inequality, and effects on vulnerable communities. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and distinguish stated goals from demonstrated outcomes.

Institutions and government scope

Conservative lens

Examine H.R.1094 through a conservative lens, focusing on fiscal responsibility, institutional stability, federalism, and the scope of government. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and any provisions that challenge this perspective.

View full prompt & sources

Discuss H.R.1094, 118th Congress: Parents Opt-in Protection Act

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-bill/1094

Text version to examine: Introduced in House · 2023-02-17.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/118/bills/hr1094/BILLS-118hr1094ih.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2026-10-01T15:19:45Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Examine H.R.1094 through a conservative lens, focusing on fiscal responsibility, institutional stability, federalism, and the scope of government. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and any provisions that challenge this perspective.

Individual rights and government power

Liberty lens

Examine H.R.1094 through a civil-liberties and limited-government lens. Consider individual rights, privacy, voluntary choice, accountability, and government power. Explain tradeoffs, possible safeguards, and the strongest counterarguments without assuming the proposal is beneficial or harmful.

View full prompt & sources

Discuss H.R.1094, 118th Congress: Parents Opt-in Protection Act

Official record: https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-bill/1094

Text version to examine: Introduced in House · 2023-02-17.

Official full text: https://www.congress.gov/118/bills/hr1094/BILLS-118hr1094ih.htm

Imported record last updated by the source: 2026-10-01T15:19:45Z. Verify current status and distinguish any later version from the version above.

Read the official text before answering. If you cannot access it, say so and ask me to provide it; do not assume a link means you have read the document. Distinguish proposals from enacted law, cite sources, and separate facts, interpretation, and uncertain predictions. Include counterarguments even when using a particular perspective.

Examine H.R.1094 through a civil-liberties and limited-government lens. Consider individual rights, privacy, voluntary choice, accountability, and government power. Explain tradeoffs, possible safeguards, and the strongest counterarguments without assuming the proposal is beneficial or harmful.