PlainBillCongress, translated.Legislation. Context. Public interest.Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
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Rep. Dingell, Debbie [D-MI-6] · D–MI
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Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
Introduced in House
Introduced in House
Primary sources
Text links open the official source. We also preserved the text version used in the PlainBill explanation below.
Source last updated: Oct 14, 2026. Consult Congress.gov for the current record.
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PlainBill explanation
Based on the full Introduced in House · 2026-10-01 text. This explanation has not received human editorial review. This overview describes the proposal’s major provisions; it does not establish what its real-world effects would be.
The bill would create a federal system where victims of specified federal crimes could sign up for alerts about an offender’s prohibited firearm purchase attempts and certain changes in firearm eligibility. It would also authorize grants for a State and Tribal pilot program for domestic violence victims, including people protected by qualifying court orders. Participation would be voluntary. The bill would preserve firearm activity otherwise permitted by law; it proposes notification systems rather than new firearm bans.
establish a firearms access victim notification system to notify crime victims (as defined in section 3771(e)(2)) harmed by offenses under section 117, 1591, 2261, 2261A, or 2262 (hereinafter referred to as crime victims) who have registered to be notified, as provided by this section, of firearms-related activity by the offender. This system shall allow victims of such crimes to register for notifications and to deregister at will.
The term eligible entity means a State or Tribe with a victim notification system.
The Attorney General, acting through the Office on Victims of Crime, shall make grants to eligible entities to upgrade the victim notification systems of the eligible entities to carry out the activities described in subsection (c).
The term victim— (A) means a victim of a prohibiting domestic violence offense; (B) includes an individual protected by a prohibiting domestic violence court order;
be able to voluntarily register for or deregister from at any time;
Nothing in this Act, or the amendments made by this Act, shall be construed to affect an individual’s right to possess, receive, ship, or transport a firearm that is otherwise permitted by law.
Section 1 names the proposal the Domestic Violence SAFE Notice Act.
This Act may be cited as the Domestic Violence Survivors Alerted For Emergency Notice Act or the Domestic Violence SAFE Notice Act.
Section 2 would require the Federal Bureau of Investigation to establish the federal notification system in consultation with relevant State, local and Tribal agencies. Eligibility would depend on the referenced federal victim definition and five listed federal offense provisions. Victim information could be used only for firearm-access notifications.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation shall, in consultation with appropriate State, local, and Tribal agencies, including agencies responsible for management of criminal history records and victim notification systems, establish a firearms access victim notification system to notify crime victims (as defined in section 3771(e)(2)) harmed by offenses under section 117, 1591, 2261, 2261A, or 2262
Victim information provided for use in the firearms access victim notification system shall only be used for firearms access notification purposes.
Federal firearm-activity notifications would stop applying when the offender receives a pardon or restoration of rights for the offense underlying the victim’s registration. A pardon or restoration for a different offense would not end those notifications.
Notification to a crime victim under subparagraph (A) shall— (i) not apply with respect to firearms-related activity by an offender who has received a pardon or restoration of rights with respect to the offense pursuant to which the crime victim registered to receive such notifications; and (ii) still apply with respect to firearms-related activity by an offender who has received a pardon or restoration of rights with respect to an offense other than the offense pursuant to which the crime victim registered to receive such notifications.
Legal guardians and other legally permitted representatives could register, withdraw and receive federal alerts for victims under 18 or victims who are incompetent or incapacitated. An offender against the victim could not act as that representative.
In the event that a crime victim is under 18 years of age, incompetent, or incapacitated, the victim notification system under paragraph (1) shall allow the legal guardians of the crime victim, or any other persons permitted by law to represent the crime victim, to register and deregister for notification and send relevant notifications to such legal guardian or representative as if such legal guardian or representative were a crime victim for purposes of the victim notification system.
In no event shall an offender against a crime victim be permitted to serve as the legal guardian or representative for the crime victim under subparagraph (A).
Existing registration in the referenced Victim Notification System would suffice to verify federal eligibility; otherwise, applicants would need the information the Attorney General requires. Once a victim registers, the new system would send the covered offenders’ names to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, the federal firearm background-check system.
(A) registration with the Victim Notification System established under section 20101(d) of title 34, United States Code, shall be sufficient to verify an individual’s eligibility to register under this section; or (B) all information necessary, as determined by the Attorney General, to verify the eligibility of such individual to register to be notified under subsection (a).
Upon registration of a crime victim under subsection (a), the firearms access victim notification system shall provide to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System the names of any offender against such crime victim covered by subsection (a)(1).
A federal background check requested by a licensed firearm importer, manufacturer or dealer would trigger a report of an attempted acquisition when it determines that a covered offender could not lawfully receive the firearm.
In the case of a background check on an offender described in subsection (a)(1) conducted by the National Instant Criminal Background Check System established under section 103 of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act (34 U.S.C. 40901), pursuant to the request of a licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, or licensed dealer of firearms, that determines the receipt of a firearm by the individual would be unlawful: (A) The National Instant Criminal Background System shall notify the firearms access victim notification system of the attempted firearm acquisition.
If the unlawful-receipt determination comes after the applicable transfer-delay period and the firearm has already been transferred, the federal background-check system would report that the offender possesses a firearm. The text uses three business days, a longer applicable State period, or the referenced special period for people under 21. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives would report retrieval of the transferred firearm.
If such determination is made after 3 business days, or more than 3 days if the number of days under State law within which the determination must be made is greater, after which time a firearm can be transferred, or, in the case that the offender is less than 21 years of age, the number of days under section 103(l) of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act (34 U.S.C. 40901(l)) within which the determination must be made, have elapsed since the licensee contacted the system and a firearm has been transferred to that offender— (i) the National Instant Criminal Background System shall notify the firearms access victim notification system that the offender possesses a firearm; and (ii) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives shall notify the firearms access victim notification system upon retrieval of firearms transferred as described in this subsection.
A Federal law enforcement agency would report an arrest it makes resulting from the attempted acquisition. The background-check system would also report a denial reversed on appeal, explaining when the reversal occurred because the buyer was not the offender.
(C) If an attempted firearm acquisition results in the arrest of the offender by a Federal law enforcement agency, the agency shall notify the firearms access victim notification system. (D) If such determination is reversed upon appeal, the National Instant Criminal Background Check System shall notify the firearms access victim notification system. In the event that the reversal is due to a finding that the individual who attempted to purchase the firearm was not the offender, the notification shall include the reason for the reversal.
The Office of the Pardon Attorney would report Presidential pardons for offenses under sections 1591, 2261, 2261A and 2262. That reporting list omits section 117, although victims harmed by section 117 offenses are included in federal system eligibility; the supplied text does not explain the difference. The Attorney General would report successful applications or petitions under section 925(c) for relief from firearm restrictions. Victim notices about pardons or relief would explain that the affected offense no longer bars firearm possession, while other offenses might still do so.
crime victims (as defined in section 3771(e)(2)) harmed by offenses under section 117, 1591, 2261, 2261A, or 2262
(2) Pardons In the case of a Presidential pardon of an offender for an offense under section 1591, 2261, 2261A, or 2262, the Office of the Pardon Attorney of the Department of Justice shall notify the firearms access victim notification system. (3) Relief from disabilities In the case of a successful application or petition for relief from disabilities under section 925(c), the Attorney General shall notify the firearms access victim notification system.
In the case of a notification under subsection (c)(2) or (c)(3), the notification shall include a statement that the pardoned or relieved individual is no longer prohibited from possessing firearms due to the pardoned offense or offense for which the individual successfully applied or petitioned for relief under section 925(c), although the individual may be prohibited due to other offenses.
The federal system would notify the victim upon receiving the specified reports and include the referenced family-violence hotline’s contact information. Information received from the federal background-check system could be retained for no more than 24 hours after the victim notification is issued.
The firearms access victim notification system shall notify the crime victim upon receipt of information described in subsection (c)(1), (c)(2), or (c)(3).
A notification issued pursuant this paragraph shall include contact information for the hotline described in section 313 of the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (42 U.S.C. 10413).
The firearms access victim notification system shall retain any information transmitted from the National Instant Background Check System pursuant to subsection (c) for no longer than 24 hours following the issuance of a notification to a crime victim under paragraph (1).
Federal registrants would receive annual reminders. The Attorney General would conduct outreach, prosecutors would explain registration and withdrawal after a qualifying conviction, and victims would learn at registration which purchase attempts trigger alerts.
The firearms access victim notification shall annually send a notice to crime victims to inform them that they are registered to receive notifications under this section.
The Attorney General shall conduct necessary outreach to victims of crimes described in section 117, 1591, 2261, 2261A, or 2262, to educate crime victims about their right to register or deregister for the firearms access victim notification system. Upon the conviction of an offender for 1 or more of these crimes, the prosecuting attorney shall notify the crime victim of their ability to register or deregister for the firearms access victim notification system. Crime victims shall be informed upon registration with the firearms access victim notification system of the conditions under which an attempt by an offender or respondent to purchase a firearm will result in the crime victim receiving a notification.
Section 3 would require the Attorney General, through the Office on Victims of Crime, to award pilot-program grants to States or Tribes with victim notification systems. Selection would seek a diverse mix of jurisdictions where practicable, to assess issues and the usefulness of permanent programs.
The term eligible entity means a State or Tribe with a victim notification system.
The Attorney General, acting through the Office on Victims of Crime, shall make grants to eligible entities to upgrade the victim notification systems of the eligible entities to carry out the activities described in subsection (c).
shall, to the extent practicable, select a diverse mix of eligible entities so as to maximize the ability of the grants, on the whole, to help identify issues and determine the efficacy of permanent programs in all jurisdictions.
The pilot defines covered offenders to include people convicted of domestic violence offenses that restrict firearm access, and people under indictment for domestic violence offenses punishable by more than one year in prison. It also covers people subject to qualifying domestic violence court orders, including orders that restrict firearm access under applicable law or their own terms.
The term offender means an individual who is— (A) convicted of a prohibiting domestic violence offense; or (B) under indictment for a domestic violence offense under Federal, State, local, or Tribal law punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year.
The term prohibiting domestic violence offense means a domestic violence offense that restricts the offender from purchasing or possessing or receiving firearms under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction.
The term prohibiting domestic violence court order means— (A) a court order described in section 922(g)(8); (B) a domestic violence court order (as defined by the laws of the applicable jurisdiction), that restricts the respondent from purchasing, possessing, or receiving firearms or a certain type of firearm under the laws of such jurisdiction; or (C) a domestic violence court order (as defined by the laws of the applicable jurisdiction) that, by its terms, restricts the respondent from purchasing, possessing, or receiving firearms or a certain type of firearm.
The term respondent means an individual subject to a prohibiting domestic violence court order.
Pilot-program victims would include victims of qualifying domestic violence offenses and people protected by qualifying orders. A minor’s legal guardian or authorized representative could participate, except an offender against that minor or a person subject to a qualifying order for an offense against the minor.
The term victim— (A) means a victim of a prohibiting domestic violence offense; (B) includes an individual protected by a prohibiting domestic violence court order; and (C) with respect to registration for, deregistration from, or receipt of a notification from a victim notification system, includes a legal guardian of, or another person authorized by law to represent, an individual described in subparagraph (A) or (B) who is a minor, except that such legal guardian or representative may not be an offender against, or a respondent subject to a prohibiting domestic violence court order for an offense against, such individual described in subparagraph (A) or (B).
Pilot systems would need to match victim data with offender or respondent data and protect victim confidentiality. Firearm-activity notifications would not apply after a pardon or restoration of rights for the registration offense, but would continue when the pardon or restoration concerns a different offense.
a system described in section 1404E of the Victims of Crime Act of 1984 (34 U.S.C. 20108), or a system designed to notify victims of any actions relating to such court order, that has the capacity to reconcile the data of a victim and an offender or respondent and to maintain confidentiality of the victim;
(i) does not apply with respect to firearms-related activity by an offender who has received a pardon or restoration of rights with respect to the offense pursuant to which the victim registered to receive such notifications; and (ii) still applies with respect to firearms-related activity by an offender who has received a pardon or restoration of rights with respect to an offense other than the offense pursuant to which the victim registered to receive such notifications.
Pilot participants could enroll or withdraw at any time, would receive annual reminders, and would be told which purchase attempts trigger notices. Victims enrolled because of an offender’s incarceration could choose to remain enrolled after the sentence ends. System development would involve domestic violence coalitions, service providers and culturally specific programs.
(I) be able to voluntarily register for or deregister from at any time; (II) be given the option to remain registered with the system upon the completion of the sentence of the offender in the case of a prohibiting domestic violence offense if the victims were added to the victim notification system due to the incarceration of the offender; (III) be informed upon registration with the system of the conditions under which an attempt by an offender or respondent to purchase a firearm will result in the victim receiving a notification; and (IV) receive annual notice that they are registered to receive notifications through the victim notification system;
in consultation with stakeholders, including State or Tribal domestic violence coalitions, domestic violence service providers, and culturally specific programs;
Pilot recipients would build a reporting mechanism, consistent with State law, for licensed-seller background checks that find firearm receipt unlawful because of a qualifying domestic violence offense or court order. Reports would come from the federal background-check system or the appropriate State agency where the State handles some or all checks.
The term partial point of contact State means a State in which State agencies and the National Instant Criminal Background Check System share responsibility for conducting firearms background checks.
The term point of contact State means a State that has elected to have State agencies conduct all firearms background checks.
establish a mechanism by which the victim notification system can receive reports, consistent with State law, from— (i) the National Instant Criminal Background Check System or, in the case of a point of contact State or partial point of contact State, the appropriate State agency that— (I) an offender or respondent attempted to acquire a firearm if a background check conducted pursuant to the request of a licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, or licensed dealer of firearms determines that the receipt of a firearm by the offender or respondent would violate Federal, State, local, or Tribal law due to a prohibiting domestic violence offense or a prohibiting domestic violence court order;
The pilot’s reporting mechanism would also cover firearms transferred before a late denial, their retrieval, and arrests of offenders resulting from attempted acquisition. The late-denial rule uses three business days, a longer applicable State period, or the referenced period for people under 21.
(II) a firearm has been transferred to the offender or respondent if the determination described in subclause (I) is made after— (aa) 3 business days; (bb) more than 3 business days if the number of days under State law within which the determination must be made is greater, after which time a firearm can be transferred have elapsed since the licensee contacted the system or State agency; or (cc) in the case the offender or respondent is less than 21 years of age, the number of days under section 103(l) of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act (34 U.S.C. 40901(l)) within which the determination must be made;
(ii) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives or appropriate State agency that a firearm transferred as described in clause (i)(II) is retrieved; (iii) an applicable law enforcement agency if an attempted firearm acquisition results in the arrest of the offender by such agency;
Pilot reports would cover denials reversed on appeal, including the reason when the buyer was misidentified. They would also cover convictions expunged or set aside, pardons or restoration of civil rights subject to the stated continuing-firearm-restriction exception, and relief from firearm restrictions while noting possible other disqualifications. Reports would include removal of records when time-limited restrictions expire and relevant dealer information.
(iv) the National Instant Criminal Background Check System or appropriate State or Tribal agency that— (I) a determination that receipt of the firearm by a person would violate Federal, State, local, or Tribal law due to a prohibiting domestic violence offense or a prohibiting domestic violence court order is reversed upon appeal; and (II) the reason for a reversal described in subclause (I) if the reversal is due to a finding that the individual who attempted to purchase the firearm was not the offender or the respondent;
(v) appropriate Federal, State, or Tribal agencies that— (I) the conviction for the prohibiting domestic violence offense is expunged or set aside; (II) the person has been pardoned for the offense or has had civil rights restored unless the pardon, expungement, or restoration of civil rights expressly provides that the person may not ship, transport, possess, or receive firearms; or (III) the person has been granted relief from Federal, State, or Tribal firearms disabilities but that such person may still be prohibited from possessing firearms due to other offenses or disqualifying court orders;
(vi) appropriate Federal, State, or Tribal agencies that a disqualifying record is removed from the National Instant Criminal Background Check System or State or Tribal database due to the expiration of a time-limited Federal, State, or Tribal firearm restriction; or (vii) as relevant, information provided by licensed dealers;
Pilot recipients would notify victims of the specified reports and provide hotline and State or Tribal resource information. They would also improve agencies’ notification capacity, train relevant professionals, keep qualifying-offense lists current and develop best practices. Additional actions needed to enable purchase-attempt notices would be permitted uses of grant funds.
(C) improve the ability of the relevant Federal, State, or Tribal agencies to notify a victim pursuant to a report received under subparagraph (B); (D) notify victims of reports received pursuant to subparagraph (B), including providing— (i) the contact information for the hotline described in section 313 of the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (42 U.S.C. 10413); and (ii) information about relevant State-based or Tribal-based resources;
(E) provide training for judges, judicial personnel, domestic violence advocates, prosecutors, law enforcement, attorneys, and others on notifying victims of their ability to register with the victim notification system and of registration procedures; (F) periodically review and update as necessary the list of qualifying prohibiting domestic violence offenses submitted pursuant to subsection (d)(3); and (G) develop best practices for carrying out the requirements in this subsection.
Eligible entities receiving grants under this section may use the grant funds to take other such actions as are necessary to enable State victim notification systems to notify victims of an attempt of an offender or respondent to acquire a firearm.
Pilot applicants would describe their existing systems, identify participants in setting up registration and withdrawal, list qualifying offenses and provide other information required by the Attorney General. Each jurisdiction would determine which offenses qualify under the bill’s definition.
The term qualifying prohibiting domestic violence offense means an offense under Federal law or the laws of the applicable jurisdiction that, as determined by such jurisdiction, qualify as a prohibiting domestic violence offense for the purposes of this section.
An eligible entity shall submit an application to the Attorney General that includes— (1) a description of the existing victim notification system, including— (A) in what agency the victim notification system resides; (B) a description of the circumstances in which victims are currently added to the victim notification system; and (C) the manner in which victims are notified through the victim notification system; (2) an initial list of entities that will be involved in establishing the process by which victims can register with the victim notification system and deregister from the victim notification system; (3) an initial list of qualifying prohibiting domestic violence offenses within the jurisdiction of the entity; and (4) any other information required by the Attorney General.
Pilot recipients would have to implement the mandatory activities within three years of receiving a grant and continue the notification system for at least three years. The continuation requirement sets a minimum duration, not a mandatory shutdown date.
An eligible entity that receives a grant under this section shall— (A) implement the mandatory activities under paragraph (1) not later than 3 years after receiving the grant; and (B) continue the victim notification system for not fewer than 3 years.
Recipients would submit an implementation plan within two years of receiving a grant. They would report on viability, cost, use, challenges and best practices within one year after implementation and again no later than two years thereafter. The second report would recommend how to implement the program nationwide.
Not later than 2 years after receiving a grant under this section, an eligible entity shall submit to the Attorney General a report that details the plan of the entity for implementation of the program under subsection (c).
Not later than 1 year after implementing the victim notification system under subsection (c), and not later than 2 years thereafter, an eligible entity shall submit to the Attorney General reports that describe the victim notification system implemented under subsection (c), including with respect to— (i) viability; (ii) cost; (iii) use; (iv) challenges; and (v) best practices for implementing the victim notification system.
An eligible entity shall include in the second report submitted under subparagraph (A) recommendations for future nationwide implementation of the program implemented by the eligible entity.
Within one year after receiving all required recipient reports, the Attorney General would report to Congress on challenges, possible improvements or expansion, and whether a single federally operated system is feasible.
Not later than 1 year after the Attorney General receives all reports under paragraphs (1) and (2), the Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report analyzing the information received in such reports that includes— (A) a description of challenges encountered; (B) recommendations for Congress to improve or expand the grant program under this section; and (C) an analysis of the feasibility of using a single, federally operated notification system.
For the pilot, the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives would have to provide the relevant event reports to grant recipients within 24 hours of the event. This is a deadline for agency reports to recipients, rather than an express 24-hour deadline for alerts to victims.
As relevant, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, through the National Instant Criminal Background Check System, and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives shall provide the reports described in subsection (c)(1)(B) to recipients of a grant under this section not later than 24 hours after an event requiring the provision of such report.
The bill would authorize appropriations of whatever sums are necessary for the federal system and $10 million for the pilot in each fiscal year from 2027 through 2031, in addition to other Crime Victims Fund appropriations. These provisions authorize future funding; they do not themselves provide the money.
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section.
In addition to any amounts otherwise appropriated to the Crime Victims Fund, there is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 2031.
Both notification sections say they would not create a right or benefit enforceable in court against the federal government, its personnel or anyone else.
Nothing in this section may be construed to create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party, against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
Nothing in this section may be construed to create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party, against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
Section 4 would preserve an individual’s right to possess, receive, ship or transport a firearm when otherwise permitted by law.
Nothing in this Act, or the amendments made by this Act, shall be construed to affect an individual’s right to possess, receive, ship, or transport a firearm that is otherwise permitted by law.
The supplied official-actions snapshot, updated October 14, 2026, records introduction in the House and referral to the House Judiciary Committee on October 1, 2026.
Source snapshot updated 2026-10-14T19:46:11Z. 2026-10-01: Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary. 2026-10-01: Introduced in House
A closer look
Reviewed version: Introduced in House · 2026-10-01. These findings describe provisions and who may benefit; they are not judgments of waste, corruption, or motive.
This review covers the supplied bill text. “None identified” does not rule out provisions in later versions or accompanying reports and disclosures.
Provisions outside the bill’s main subject, or policy changes attached to appropriations.
None identified in the reviewed text
No unrelated provision or policy rider was identified after reviewing the complete supplied introduced text. This conclusion is limited to that version and does not establish what appears in other versions or accompanying materials, or any amendment’s attachment history.
Spending directed to particular recipients or places outside ordinary competitive or formula-based allocation.
None identified in the reviewed text
No congressionally directed spending for particular recipients or places was identified after reviewing the complete supplied introduced text. General program authorizations are not automatically earmarks. This conclusion is limited to that version; formal earmark status in accompanying materials cannot be assessed.
Narrow exceptions, exemptions, or preferential treatment that warrant a closer look.
None identified in the reviewed text
No materially narrow preferential benefit warranting a separate finding was identified after reviewing the complete supplied introduced text. Ordinary program eligibility, equal access and routine notification rules do not alone establish preferential treatment. This conclusion is limited to that version and does not extend to other versions or accompanying materials.
Full text preserved for this analysis. Legislative record snapshot: Oct 14, 2026. How PlainBill uses AI