PlainBillCongress, translated.Legislation. Context. Public interest.Referred to the House Committee on the Budget.
Congressional Research Service
Version 00 · Introduced in House · Feb 10, 2025
Emergency Border Control Resolution
This concurrent resolution establishes the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2025, sets forth budgetary levels for FY2026-FY2034, and provides reconciliation instructions for legislation that increases or decreases the deficit and increases the statutory debt limit by specified amounts.
The resolution recommends levels and amounts for FY2025-FY2034 for
Showing the opening paragraphs of the official summary.
federal revenues,
new budget authority,
budget outlays,
deficits (on-budget),
debt subject to limit,
debt held by the public, and
the major functional categories of spending.
The resolution includes reconciliation instructions that direct several House committees to submit legislation that will increase or decrease the deficit and increase the statutory debt limit by specified amounts. The committees must submit the legislation to the House Budget Committee by February 27, 2025.
(Under current law, reconciliation bills are considered by Congress using expedited legislative procedures that prevent a filibuster and restrict amendments in the Senate.)
Finally, the resolution specifies that it is the policy of this resolution that (1) federal spending levels should be restored to the levels that existed prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, adjusted to protect current Social Security and Medicare spending and reflect existing debt service obligations; and (2) it shall be the objective of the House to reach total budget outlays of $6.057 trillion or less this fiscal year.
People & committees
Rep. Harris, Andy [R-MD-1] · R–MD
Legislative record
A procedural vote is different from passage. Passage in one chamber does not establish enactment. Explore the glossary.
Referred to the House Committee on the Budget.
Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR H607)
Submitted in House
Submitted in House
Primary sources
Text links open the official source. We also preserved the text version used in the PlainBill explanation below.
No related bills are listed in this snapshot. This does not establish whether the proposal has appeared in earlier Congresses.
Source last updated: Sep 25, 2026. Consult Congress.gov for the current record.
AI Conversation Starters
Choose a perspective, copy a prompt, and paste it into your preferred AI. Each prompt includes the bill version and available official source links, and asks for counterarguments as well as supporting evidence.
Analyze H.Con.Res.10 as objectively as possible. Explain its main provisions, who would be affected, possible benefits and harms, implementation, exceptions, and uncertainties. Present the strongest arguments for and against it, and identify evidence needed to assess its public impact.
Examine H.Con.Res.10 through a progressive lens, focusing on fairness, access, economic inequality, and effects on vulnerable communities. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and distinguish stated goals from demonstrated outcomes.
Examine H.Con.Res.10 through a conservative lens, focusing on fiscal responsibility, institutional stability, federalism, and the scope of government. Explain potential benefits, costs, and unintended consequences. Consider the strongest counterarguments and any provisions that challenge this perspective.
Examine H.Con.Res.10 through a civil-liberties and limited-government lens. Consider individual rights, privacy, voluntary choice, accountability, and government power. Explain tradeoffs, possible safeguards, and the strongest counterarguments without assuming the proposal is beneficial or harmful.
PlainBill explanation
Based on the full Introduced in House · 2025-02-10 text. This explanation has not received human editorial review. This overview describes the proposal’s major provisions; it does not establish what its real-world effects would be.
This proposed resolution would set a federal budget framework for fiscal years 2025–2034 and direct House committees to propose changes to federal laws. Some committees could propose changes that increase deficits within stated limits; others would have to propose deficit reductions. It also calls for legislation increasing the federal borrowing limit by $4 trillion. The immediate directions are to congressional committees; changes affecting people or programs would depend on the legislation they propose.
this concurrent resolution establishes the budget for fiscal year 2025 and sets forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034.
The Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that increase the deficit by not more than $100,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2028, and $0 for the period of fiscal years 2029 through 2034.
The Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that reduce the deficit by not less than $5,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2034.
The Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that increases the statutory debt limit by $4,000,000,000,000.
The measure calls itself the Emergency Border Control Resolution. It would replace prior congressional budget resolutions as of fiscal year 2025 and establish budget levels through fiscal year 2034.
This concurrent resolution may be cited as the Emergency Border Control Resolution.
The Congress determines and declares that prior concurrent resolutions on the budget are replaced as of fiscal year 2025 and that this concurrent resolution establishes the budget for fiscal year 2025 and sets forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034.
The proposed revenue framework lists federal receipts of $3.859 trillion for fiscal year 2025 and $5.860 trillion for 2034. It specifies zero changes to aggregate revenue levels in every listed year; these figures do not themselves specify tax-law changes.
(A) The recommended levels of Federal revenues are as follows: Fiscal year 2025: $3,859,000,000,000.
Fiscal year 2034: $5,860,000,000,000.
(B) The amounts by which the aggregate levels of Federal revenues should be changed are as follows: Fiscal year 2025: $0.Fiscal year 2026: $0.Fiscal year 2027: $0.Fiscal year 2028: $0.Fiscal year 2029: $0.Fiscal year 2030: $0.Fiscal year 2031: $0.Fiscal year 2032: $0.Fiscal year 2033: $0.Fiscal year 2034: $0.
For budget enforcement, the proposal lists about $5.524 trillion in new budget authority—authority to commit federal funds—and $5.499 trillion in outlays—actual spending—for fiscal year 2025. For 2034, the listed levels are about $8.043 trillion and $7.923 trillion, respectively. These are proposed budget levels, not direct appropriations to recipients.
(2) New budget authority For purposes of the enforcement of this concurrent resolution, the appropriate levels of total new budget authority are as follows: Fiscal year 2025: $5,524,029,000,000.
Fiscal year 2034: $8,043,297,000,000.
(3) Budget outlays For purposes of the enforcement of this concurrent resolution, the appropriate levels of total budget outlays are as follows: Fiscal year 2025: $5,499,209,000,000.
Fiscal year 2034: $7,922,559,000,000.
The proposal lists an on-budget deficit of about $1.640 trillion for fiscal year 2025 and $2.063 trillion for 2034. These are amounts specified for enforcing the resolution, not established future outcomes.
(4) Deficits (on-budget) For purposes of the enforcement of this concurrent resolution, the amounts of the deficits (on-budget) are as follows: Fiscal year 2025: $1,640,075,000,000.
Fiscal year 2034: $2,062,575,000,000.
The budget framework separately lists debt subject to limit and debt held by the public. The former is about $37.105 trillion for fiscal year 2025 and $56.057 trillion for 2034; the latter is about $29.999 trillion and $49.217 trillion, respectively.
(5) Debt subject to limit The appropriate levels of debt subject to limit are as follows: Fiscal year 2025: $37,105,075,000,000.
Fiscal year 2034: $56,056,812,000,000.
(6) Debt held by the public The appropriate levels of debt held by the public are as follows: Fiscal year 2025: $29,999,075,000,000.
Fiscal year 2034: $49,216,812,000,000.
Section 102 would set annual budget authority and outlay levels by broad government function for fiscal years 2025–2034. For example, its 2025 outlay levels include $883.821 billion for national defense, $961.180 billion for health, and $950.641 billion for Medicare. These category totals do not specify individual awards or benefit payments.
The Congress determines and declares that the appropriate levels of new budget authority and outlays for fiscal years 2025 through 2034 for each major functional category are:
(1) National Defense (050): Fiscal year 2025: (A) New budget authority, $888,044,000,000. (B) Outlays, $883,821,000,000.
(11) Health (550): Fiscal year 2025: (A) New budget authority, $945,070,000,000. (B) Outlays, $961,180,000,000.
(12) Medicare (570): Fiscal year 2025: (A) New budget authority, $950,891,000,000. (B) Outlays, $950,641,000,000.
The spending reconciliation instructions—directions to committees to propose budget-related legislation—would require Armed Services, Homeland Security, and Judiciary to submit changes within their authority. They allow deficit increases of no more than $100 billion, $50 billion, and $50 billion, respectively, over fiscal years 2025–2028, with zero deficit increases specified for 2029–2034.
(1) Committee on armed services The Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that increase the deficit by not more than $100,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2028, and $0 for the period of fiscal years 2029 through 2034.
(2) Committee on homeland security The Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that increase the deficit by not more than $50,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2028, and $0 for the period of fiscal years 2029 through 2034.
(3) Committee on the judiciary The Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that increase the deficit by not more than $50,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2028, and $0 for the period of fiscal years 2029 through 2034.
For fiscal years 2025–2034, the Agriculture Committee would have to propose at least $5 billion in deficit reduction, Education and Workforce at least $246.8 billion, and Energy and Commerce at least $200 billion. Each instruction applies to laws within that committee's authority and leaves the specific changes unspecified.
(1) Committee on agriculture The Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that reduce the deficit by not less than $5,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2034.
(2) Committee on education and workforce The Committee on Education and Workforce of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that reduce the deficit by not less than $246,800,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2034.
(3) Committee on energy and commerce The Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction to reduce the deficit by not less than $200,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2034.
Judiciary would also have a separate instruction to propose at least $10 billion in deficit reduction over fiscal years 2025–2034. Ways and Means would have to propose at least $24.5 billion in deficit reduction over the same period.
(4) Committee on the judiciary The Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that reduce the deficit by not less than $10,000,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2034.
(5) Committee on ways and means The Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that reduce the deficit by not less than $24,500,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2034.
Ways and Means would be required to propose legislation raising the statutory debt limit by $4 trillion. This is an instruction to submit a legal change, rather than a direct change to the limit in this text.
(c) Increase in the statutory debt limit The Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives shall submit changes in laws within its jurisdiction that increases the statutory debt limit by $4,000,000,000,000.
All committees receiving reconciliation instructions would have to submit their recommendations to the House Budget Committee by February 27, 2025.
(d) Submissions Not later than February 27, 2025, the committees named in subsections (a), (b), and (c) shall submit their recommendations to the Committee on the Budget of the House of Representatives to carry out this section.
The proposed House findings characterize federal debt and spending as a fiscal crisis. They present an adjusted spending figure of $6.057 trillion based on a projection in President Trump's fiscal year 2021 budget. These are the resolution's stated findings and rationale, not independently established results.
(a) Findings The House finds the following: (1) The United States faces a dire fiscal crisis that poses a threat to our national security and economic wellbeing.
(6) President Trump’s fiscal year 2021 budget, released just before the pandemic, projected total budget outlays would reach $5.451 trillion this year. If adjusted to protect current Social Security and Medicare spending, as well as reflect existing debt service obligations, total budget outlays would be $6.057 trillion.
The resolution would declare a House objective of total budget outlays of $6.057 trillion or less for fiscal year 2025. Its stated policy is to restore spending to pre-pandemic levels while adjusting to protect current Social Security and Medicare spending and account for existing debt-service obligations. This is a policy objective, not a specified change to benefit eligibility or payment rules.
(b) Policy on Federal spending It is the policy of this concurrent resolution that restoring Federal spending levels that existed prior to the COVID–19 pandemic, adjusted to protect current Social Security and Medicare spending and reflect existing debt service obligations, and that it shall be the objective of the House to reach total budget outlays of $6.057 trillion this fiscal year or less.
this concurrent resolution establishes the budget for fiscal year 2025 and sets forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034.
The supplied official-actions snapshot, updated September 25, 2026, records submission in the House, sponsor introductory remarks, and referral to the House Budget Committee on February 10, 2025.
Source snapshot updated 2026-09-25T16:53:55Z. 2025-02-10: Referred to the House Committee on the Budget. 2025-02-10: Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR H607) 2025-02-10: Submitted in House
A closer look
Reviewed version: Introduced in House · 2025-02-10. These findings describe provisions and who may benefit; they are not judgments of waste, corruption, or motive.
This review covers the supplied bill text. “None identified” does not rule out provisions in later versions or accompanying reports and disclosures.
Provisions outside the bill’s main subject, or policy changes attached to appropriations.
None identified in the reviewed text
No unrelated provision or policy change attached to appropriations was identified in the complete supplied introduced text. This conclusion is limited to that version and does not establish absence in other versions or accompanying materials.
Spending directed to particular recipients or places outside ordinary competitive or formula-based allocation.
None identified in the reviewed text
No congressionally directed spending for particular recipients or places was identified in the complete supplied introduced text. This conclusion is limited to that version and does not establish absence in other versions or accompanying materials; formal earmark status in accompanying materials is not established.
Narrow exceptions, exemptions, or preferential treatment that warrant a closer look.
None identified in the reviewed text
No materially narrow carve-out, special exemption, or preferential treatment was identified in the complete supplied introduced text. This conclusion is limited to that version and does not establish absence in other versions or accompanying materials.
Full text preserved for this analysis. Legislative record snapshot: Sep 25, 2026. How PlainBill uses AI